Risk assessment of the occurrence of alkaloids in lupin seeds - BfR Opinion No 003/2017, 27 March 2017
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چکیده
The levels of quinolizidine alkaloids in lupin seeds vary depending on the botanical and geographical origin of the lupin variety from which theyderive. “Bitter lupins” produce seeds which have a bitter taste due to the higher levels of quinolizidine alkaloids they contain. Bitter lupin seeds are not suitable for human consumption without appropriate pre-treatment (“debittering”). Lupin varieties which produce seeds with low alkaloid levels and which have been obtained by specific cultivation are known as “sweet lupins” and they are suitable for human consumption even without debittering. It is usually very difficult for consumers to recognise whether the lupin seeds on offer are derived from sweet or bitter varieties. This has resulted in the past in isolated cases of poisoning in Germany caused by bitter lupin seeds.
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